Ibn fadlan risala pdf

Then they gave her a chicken and she cut its head off and threw it away; they took the hen and threw it into the ship. Then I asked the interpreter what she had done. I see my father and mother. I see all my dead relatives sitting round. I see my master inParadise, andParadiseis beautiful and green and together with him are men and young boys. He calls me. Let me join him then!

They now led her towards the ship. They then led her to the ship but did not allow her inside the tent. Then a number of men carrying wooden shields and sticks arrived, and gave her a beaker with nabid.

She sang over it and emptied it. She took it and sang a lengthy song; but the old woman told her to hurry and drink up and enter the tent where her master was. When I looked at her she seemed completely bewildered. She wanted to enter the tent and she put her head between it and the ship. There the woman took her head and managed to get it inside the tent, and the woman herself followed. Then the men began to beat the shields with the wooden sticks, to deaden her shouts so that the other girls would not become afraid and shrink from dying with their masters.

Six men entered the tent and all of them had intercourse with her. Therefore they laid her by the side of her dead master. He took a piece of wood and ignited it.

Then he walked backwards, his back towards the ship and his face towards the crowd, holding the piece of wood in one hand and the other hand on his buttock; and he was naked. In this way the wood was ignited which they had place under the ship after they had laid the slave woman, whom they had killed, beside her master.

Then people came with branches and wood; each brought a burning brand and threw it on the pyre, so that the fire took hold of the wood, then the ship, then the tent and the man and slave woman and all. In this book a MacArthur Award-winning scholar argues for a radically new interpretation of the conversion of Scandinavia from paganism to Christianity in the early Middle Ages.

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In this colorful documentary from. This Risala is of great value as a history, although it is clear in some places that inaccuracies and Ibn Fadlan's own prejudices have slanted the account to some extent. During the course of his journey, Ibn Fadlan met a people called the Rus, a group of. He agreed to leave town on a mission to open diplomacy with the Bulgars, as a way of getting out of the public eye, and out of possible scandal.

According to the itinerant geographer Ibn Hawkal, writing in , the Rus slave trade ran "from Spain to Egypt. Key segments of it are universally cited in modern books